CULTURA CHAVIN1
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION.
This culture developed in the department of Ancash Huari province, in the district of Chavin, Mosna along the river, more than 3,000 m
DISCOVERER.
It was discovered by the renowned Peruvian Julio Cesar Tello Rojas in 1919.
CHRONOLOGICAL PLACEMENT.
Was developed from 1200a.c. - 300 BC, approximately, and belongs to the early or formative horizon.
ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION.
It had an advanced agriculture, being the staple crop maize, accompanied by pepper, squash, cotton, cassava, lima beans, potatoes, beans, etc.. Hydraulic technology developed regarding astronomy.
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION.
It was a theocratic society, because classes had a divine origin, where the caste of priests had power and dominion over the other classes.
POLITICAL ORGANIZATION.
It was a theocratic political system, because power also had a divine origin exercised by priests, from temple.
CULTURAL EVENTS.
1. ARCHITECTURE. - Had a primarily religious and astronomical. They built temples and palaces, the most representative is The Chavin Temple is a stone building, multi-storey and underground galleries.
2. SCULPTURE. - Is symbolic, metaphorical and abstract, is an art in stone, which represent their gods in obelisks, sandeels have anthropomorphic figure with feline elements, snakes and birds. Among the most important manifestations of this lithic art, we have:
gargoyle heads. - Were called "the guardians of the temple"
The monolithic sandeel. - Is a very important sculpture, measuring about 5 meters high. In the Lanzón is represented the god of Chavín, called Viracocha. He is a anthropomorphized with zoomorphic attributes, his eyes are snakes.
Raimondi Stela. - Represents a character standing, front, and carrying two canes or rods. He has a great touch and many eyes. Is the Staff God or god of the rods.
The Tello Obelisk. - Represented the cycles of nature and the jaguar, was a hermaphrodite, ie having two sexes. This is more complicated representation Chavin sculpture.
3. VESSELS. - They used gold, with which drew great works, such as the necklace and treasure Kunturwasi Chongoyape (earrings, rings, nose rings).
4.VESSELS. - They used gold, with which drew great works, such as the necklace and treasure Kunturwasi Chongoyape (earrings, rings, nose rings).
5. Textiles. - Decorated with resistant dyeing technique, which represents "God Rods". We used the colors red, orange, brown of various shades, olive green and blue.
CONCLUSIONS.
oldest Peru Culture also called (Pan-Peruvian) that spanned most of Peru.
The main basis of the economy was agriculture.
were devoted to hunting, fishing and gathering plants and fruits in different varieties.
The main source of their diet was corn growing.
created irrigation methods for farmland.
Increased population and with it religious cults.
ceremonial built temples, chapels where they worshiped their gods.
Their society was theocratic, the priest was to the head and was the one who had the power and the people believed he could communicate with the gods.
